[100
years ago this week, Calvin Coolidge designated Alaska’s Glacier Bay a
National Monument. So this week I’ll AmericanStudy that beautiful spot and
other Alaskan places, people, and stories!]
On what a
unique Alaskan tradition tells us about both Alaska and tradition.
The annual contest in which
participants bet on the exact day and time that ice will break up on the Tanana
River near the small community of Nenana,
Alaska developed in a few
distinct stages. It started very informally in 1906, with six locals forming a
betting pool and the winner getting treated to a couple drinks at the local
bar. It was revived a decade later in 1916 on a larger but still local scale,
with railroad workers and other Nenana residents buying tickets at Jimmy Duke’s
Roadhouse. And when the word was spread by railroad workers across the region,
the 1917 contest was opened to all residents of both the Alaska and Yukon
territories. That 1917 contest is the one that the official website
highlights as the contest’s genuine origin point, and it has been run every
year since, with the original betting pool of $800 reaching nearly half a
million dollars in some recent years (and over $200,000 in the 2023
edition). The technology involved in determining the precise moment when
the ice breaks up has also evolved significantly over that century, as this local news
story details.
One of the
most important but complicated things for any AmericanStudier to try to wrap
their head around is just how big and multi-part this nation of ours is, with
every state featuring some pretty distinct layers and contexts that have helped
shape its identity and community and that it contributes to the whole of the
U.S. as a result. I believe that’s genuinely true for every state, but as I
discovered during my one visit to Alaska in the summer of 2005, I’d say Alaska
is one of the most distinct and unique of all 50 states (perhaps only
rivalled by the one territory which gained
statehood later, Hawai’i). Part of Alaska’s uniqueness is unquestionably due to
its natural landscapes, an environment utterly different from anywhere else in
the United States and one primarily defined by ice (although I’m sad to think
about how much that
has changed in recent years). And part is due to the way in which a great
deal of the territory and state have been constituted by migratory communities,
both individuals and broader cohorts like railroad workers (all, of course,
alongside Alaska’s
indigenous communities). We can see all those layers to Alaska’s
story and identity in the Nenana Ice Classic, both its existence and how it
evolved to become the annual tradition it remains.
This whole
blog series focused on such distinctive local traditions, but I hope it also
offered windows to consider the overarching concept of tradition and how it is
created, how it evolves, and how it works in a society (all topics about which
I learned a great deal from one of my favorite scholarly books, Michael
Kammen’s Mystic Chords of Memory). In the
case of the Nenana Ice Classic in particular, I’d say that we can see how a
tradition can be at once quite genuinely connected to key aspects of its local
community (as I argued above) and yet thoroughly constructed over time,
constructions driven as likely always by a combination of more cynical factors
like tourism and capitalism and more sentimental ones like fun and community
pride. One thing I try really hard not to be is the kind of scholar who leans
so far into the cynicism or even the analysis that I lose sight of those latter
factors, and so I’ll end this post with something I’d say for each and every
entry in the series: I’d love the chance to be at an event like the Nenana Ice
Classic, preferably with my sons and other loved ones, and to enjoy this unique
tradition for all that it is.
Last
AlaskaStudying tomorrow,
Ben
PS. What
do you think? Alaska contexts you’d share?
