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| Different types of seed |
Type of seed:- There are two types of seed. They are:-
- Monocotyledonous seed and
- Dicotyledonous seed
Monocotyledonous seeds:- As the name suggest, it has only one cotyledon. There is only one outer layering of seed coat. Monocotyledonous seeds have following parts.
- Seed coat:- In the seed of cereal crops like maize have membranous seed coat.
- Endosperm:- The endosperm is generally bulky and store nutrients for growing seedlings. Generally monocotyledonous seeds are endospermic.
- Aleuron layer:- It is the proteinous layer that separates outer covering of endosperm with embryo.
- Embryo:- It is small and situated in a groove at one end of endosperm.
- Scutellum:- This is one large and shield shaped cotyledon.
- Embryonal axis:- Plumule and radicle are the two ends.
7.Coleoptile and Coleorhiza:- Plumule and radicle are enclosed in a sheath and called as coleoptile and Coleorhiza.
Dicotyledonous seed:- As the name suggests “di” means two. It means that it has two cotyledon. It has following parts:-
- Seed coat:- This is the outer most covering of seed. The seed coat has two layer i.e testa and the inner tegmen.
- Hilum:- The hilum is the scar on seed coat through which the developing seed are attached.
- Micropyle:- It is the small pore present above the hilum.
- Embryo:- It consists of an embryonal axis and two cotyledons.
- Cotyledons:- They are fleshy structure that acts as store house of food materials.
- Radicle and plumule:- They are present at the two end of embryonal axis. These two develop in root and shoot after germination.
7.Endosperm:- Endosperm are food storing tissue.
#. Difference between seed and grain:-
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| seed vs grain |
Seed quality:- The seed quality is the possession of seed with required genetic and physical purity that is accompained with Physiological soundness and health status. The major seed quality characters are:-
- Physical quality
- Genetic purity
- Physiological purity and
- Seed health
