Tips and Insights – Urban Art & Antiques

The term “Empire” in American Empire furniture refers to the style’s origins and inspirations from the French Empire style, which was prominent during the reign of Napoleon Bonaparte (1804-1815). The French Empire style itself drew from classical Greek and Roman design elements, characterized by grandeur, opulence, and a sense of authority.

When this style made its way to America in the early 19th century, American craftsmen adapted it to create their own version, now known as American Empire. This style flourished during a time of growing national pride and identity in the United States, roughly from 1815 to 1840. The name “Empire” was retained to acknowledge its French influences and to evoke the sense of classical elegance and power that the style embodies.

So, in essence, American Empire furniture is called “Empire” because of its roots in the French Empire style and its association with classical grandeur.

To identify this style of furniture look for robust forms, dark woods like mahogany, and decorative motifs like animal claws and acanthus leaves. Also, look for curved forms, intricate scrollwork, and brass accents.

Some of the most notable American makers of Empire furniture include:

Duncan Phyfe: A prominent New York cabinetmaker whose work is highly regarded for its quality and craftsmanship.
Charles-Honoré Lannuier: A Paris-trained cabinetmaker who brought French influences to his work in New York.
John Meeks and Sons: Another notable New York firm known for their fine Empire furniture.
Anthony Quervelle: known for his elaborate and finely crafted pieces that often featured intricate veneers and gilt-bronze mounts.

Of course, there are many others and the makers of most furniture are not identifiable; we can only guess.

While New York City, Philadelphia, and Baltimore were major centers for this style, other regions also produced notable pieces. Pittsburgh, with its growing industrial base during the early 19th century, had its share of skilled cabinetmakers who contributed to the American Empire style. These regional variations often included local materials and design influences, making them unique and valuable to collectors.

The American Empire style was echoed in later revival movements. Notable examples are the Rococo Revival and Colonial Revival movements of the late 19th and early 20th Centuries.

Some of the most notable American makers of Empire furniture include:

When collecting, authenticity is key. Look for hand-carved details and traditional joinery. Check the condition—originality holds value better, though quality repairs are acceptable. Provenance can add value, especially if the piece can be attributed to a maker or belonged to notable figures. Perhaps due to its size and formality, many examples of this style are particularly affordable these days, putting it in reach for beginning collectors.

Collecting American Empire furniture isn’t just about aesthetics. It’s a journey into the past, owning pieces that tell the story of America’s early republic.

You can find American Empire furniture in antique shops, at auctions, and estate sales. Online marketplaces like eBay, and 1stdibs but once you have some knowledge in hand, watch Facebook Marketplace and Nextdoor for good deals.

Collecting American Empire furniture is a rewarding hobby that combines a love of history, art, and craftsmanship. Whether you’re a seasoned collector or just starting, each piece is a unique expression of American heritage.

Cover: Empire sideboard at the Carnegie Museum of Art.