In a remarkable achievement that promises to reshape our understanding of the solar system’s earliest days, NASA’s Lucy spacecraft has provided humanity with its first close-up images of a peanut-shaped asteroid. Officially named Donaldjohanson, this asteroid is the second object visited by Lucy as it progresses on its ambitious 12-year mission to study Jupiter’s Trojan asteroids and other main-belt bodies.
Launched in October 2021, Lucy is named after the famous Australopithecus afarensis fossil, which transformed humanity’s understanding of human origins. Fittingly, the spacecraft is tasked with unlocking the evolutionary secrets of the solar system by studying the “fossils” of planetary formation—ancient asteroids. On April 20, 2025, Lucy flew within just 600 miles (960 kilometers) of Donaldjohanson, capturing a partial but already revealing image of the asteroid. Scientists describe the body as oddly shaped, resembling a peanut, a lumpy bowling pin, or even “two ice cream cones stuck together,” as NASA humorously noted in its official statement.
“This is an exciting moment for planetary science,” said Hal Levison, principal investigator for Lucy at the Southwest Research Institute. “As we study these complex structures in greater detail, they will reveal important information about the building blocks and collisional processes that formed the planets in our solar system.”
Donaldjohanson, located approximately 135 million miles from Earth, had long intrigued scientists due to its unusual brightness variations observed during ground-based studies. These fluctuations suggested the asteroid might be a contact binary—a type of object formed when two separate bodies merge, creating a structure with two lobes connected by a narrower “neck.” The initial images returned by Lucy confirmed these suspicions but surprised mission scientists with the extreme narrowness and complexity of the connecting bridge between the lobes.
NASA highlighted the scientific importance of this observation in a statement, explaining that the asteroid’s current form likely dates back around 150 million years. Such discoveries help researchers piece together the violent collisional history of the solar system, shedding light on how planetary bodies coalesced from smaller fragments billions of years ago.
Tom Statler, Lucy’s program scientist at NASA Headquarters, praised the spacecraft’s performance and the potential for groundbreaking discoveries ahead. “These early images of Donaldjohanson are again showing the tremendous capabilities of the Lucy spacecraft as an engine of discovery. The potential to really open a new window into the history of our solar system when Lucy gets to the Trojan asteroids is immense,” he remarked.
Despite the striking early imagery, much of the encounter data is still being downlinked to Earth, a process expected to take up to a week. The full dataset will allow scientists to create a more detailed model of Donaldjohanson’s shape, rotation, and surface features, offering deeper insights into its composition and history.
With Donaldjohanson now in the rearview mirror, Lucy will spend the rest of 2025 navigating through the main asteroid belt. The spacecraft’s next major milestone will be its encounter with Eurybates, the first of several Jupiter Trojan asteroids it is set to visit, scheduled for August 2027. These Trojans are believed to be remnants from the formation of the giant planets and could hold the keys to understanding the solar system’s primordial architecture.
As Lucy continues its historic journey, scientists and space enthusiasts alike eagerly await the new discoveries it promises to deliver, transforming distant, rocky bodies into well-studied chapters in the story of our cosmic origins.
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